La práctica de la pronunciación en el aula es esencial para el desarrollo de las destrezas orales. Este estudio pretende explorar la práctica, la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la pronunciación en la enseñanza de inglés como lengua extranjera en España. Se recogió una muestra de estudiantes (n = 494) y otra de profesores (n = 127) de la etapa preuniversitaria (EP = Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y no Educación Secundaria Obligatoria) y de la etapa universitaria (UN) en España. Sus respuestas (...) se analizaron según cuatro dimensiones: (i) contenidos y sus dificultades; (ii) tipo de actividades; (iii) práctica de destrezas orales; y (iv) percepciones. Los principales resultados revelan que i) el ritmo era el aspecto menos practicado en el aula de EFL en ambas etapas; ii) los alumnos de ambas etapas consideraban que nunca practicaban con canciones, mientras que los profesores indicaron que era una de las actividades más frecuentes; iii) la práctica de destrezas orales obtuvo una puntuación más alta en los profesores y alumnos de UN que en el grupo de profesores y alumnos de PU; iv) el tiempo de clase dedicado a la fonética y la pronunciación fue considerado insuficiente por los dos grupos de profesores, pero sólo por parte de los alumnos de UN. Basándose en publicaciones relevantes y los resultados obtenidos, los autores también aportan ideas y recomendaciones sobre la fonética y la pronunciación del inglés para los profesores de inglés como lengua extranjera. (shrink)

La relación de la matemática con la realidad es una cuestión que ha interesado desde siempre a los matemáticos y a los profesores de matemáticas, unas veces se establece esta relación desde la historia, otras para motivar a los alumnos (y responder a la famosa cuestión "para qué sirven las matemáticas") o para situar la construcción de conceptos matemáticos y sus significado en experiencias concretas y en conexión con otras disciplinas y, otras veces, a través de los estudios internacionales comparativos (...) de evaluación. (shrink)

En estos últimos años es reconocida la influencia de la dimensión emocional en el desarrollo del aprendizaje en el aula. Sin embargo, parece necesario un mayor desarrollo de los descriptores básicos: actitudes, emociones, creencias y valores en disciplinas concretas. El artículo aborda el tema de los valores y actitudes de las Matemáticas y de forma específica el valor de la belleza. Se argumenta sobre la importancia del juicio estético como una componente importante en el buen resolutor de problemas, explicitando sus (...) implicaciones para la educación matemática de los estudiantes. (shrink)

La violencia contra las mujeres alcanza su expresión más siniestra en el flagelo de nuestro tiempo: el feminicidio. No obstante, la respuesta social e institucional ha sido insólita. Grandes sectores sociales permanecen impasibles ante el aumento de asesinatos cruentos de mujeres y niñas. Inadmisible desde una concepción de humanidad crítica y consciente de sus posibilidades de realización más alta, la misoginia que sostiene el orden social resulta alarmante. El objetivo del trabajo es comprender la estructura simbólica que alienta la violencia, (...) mediante una reflexión crítica sobre sus posibilidades de transformación. La conclusión a la que llega es que, aunque la estructura simbólica de la dominación sexual opera imperceptiblemente para justificar lo que debería ser condenado de forma generalizada, el desarrollo de la sensibilidad actual ofrece una posibilidad de identificar agravios que antes no se reconocían. Palabras clave: Orden simbólico, Violencia, Feminicidio, Hermenéutica, Misoginia. (shrink)

Background: Serious games have shown positive results in increasing motivation, adherence to treatment and strengthening the therapeutic alliance in multiple psychiatric disorders. In particular, patients with impulse control disorders and other disorders in which the patient suffers from inhibitory control deficits have been shown to benefit from serious games.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and to evaluate the usability of a new serious videogame, e-Estesia. This serious videogame was designed to improve emotion regulation in patients (...) with gambling disorder. Preliminary results from a pilot sample are also reported.Method: A pilot sample of 26 patients undergoing treatment for GD was recruited. Participants used e-Estesia on a tablet, which was connected to a thoracic band that sent heart rate and heart rate variability data to the videogame platform in order to provide biofeedback. The System Usability Scale was completed by patients to determine the usability of e-Estesia.Results and Discussion: e-Estesia performed comparatively well for all the explored groups. Around 84.6% of the patients endorsed that it was easy to use. Female patients with GD presented higher HRV during the use of the serious videogame compared to men. (shrink)

Unsolicited email campaigns remain as one of the biggest threats affecting millions of users per day. During the past years several techniques to detect unsolicited emails have been developed. This work provides means to validate the hypothesis that the identification of the email messages’ intention can be approached by sentiment analysis and personality recognition techniques. These techniques will provide new features that improve current spam classification techniques. We combine personality recognition and sentiment analysis techniques to analyse email content. We enrich (...) a publicly available dataset adding these features, first separately and after in combination, of each message to the dataset, creating new datasets. We apply several combinations of the best email spam classifiers and filters to each dataset in order to compare results. (shrink)

We conducted three studies to examine how the recipients of negative workplace gossip judge the gossip sender’s morality and how they respond behaviorally. Study 1 provided experimental evidence that gossip recipients perceive senders as low in morality, with female recipients rating the sender’s morality more negatively than male recipients. In a follow-up experiment (Study 2), we further found that perceived low morality translates into behavioral responses in the form of career-related sanctions by the recipient on the gossip sender. A critical (...) incident study (Study 3) enhanced the external validity and extended the moderated mediation model by showing that gossip recipients also penalize senders with social exclusion. We discuss the implications for practice and research on negative workplace gossip, gender differences in attributions of morality, and gossip recipients’ behavioral responses. (shrink)

En reseña de:SOLANES, Ángeles, LA SPINA, Encarnación (eds.), Políticas migratorias, asilo y derechos humanos: un cruce de perspectivas entre la Unión Europea y España, Tirant lo Blanch, Valencia, 2014.

This work studies the issue of political representation from the perspective of a specific legal culture, the exercise of political rights in the context of the occidental democratic system, a concept that has undergone a profound evolution to the present day. The essential aspects for an analysis of this progression are voting, decision making, and the relationship between representatives and their constituents. Overall, the phenomena making up the crisis of representation have been explained as a result of changes that have (...) affected the operation and structure of modern states constituted as representative democracies. The idea is that a well-functioning representative system comes primarily from the form of government and electoral system in which it develops. (shrink)

Escribir hoy en día un libro sobre hermenéutica, que tal hermenéutica se refiera a la desarrollada por G. Gadamer en su conocido Verdad y método y que se pretenda añadir algo nuevo a lo mucho escrito sobre el tema parecería, a primera vista, empresa irrealizable. Que ambas pretensiones inspiren la sólida monografía de María G. Navarro —titulada Interpretar y argumentar— constituye empresa audaz y arriesgada, plena de coraje innovador, que provoca admiración, curiosidad e interés. Contra lo que pudiera parecer (...) a primera vista, el libro contiene un alto componente de originalidad y creatividad, debido a la estratagema metodoló-gica de que se sirve la autora. A saber, una hermenéutica in obliquo, estrategia consistente en interpretar a la hermenéutica gadameriana a través del prisma de la lógica de la argumentación. (shrink)

El presente artículo parte de analizar el vínculo existente entre los derechos sociales y la democracia conforme a las funciones que desempeñan tales derechos, adaptándose a la realidad en la que deben ser implementados. Por tanto, el paso de la democracia a una posdemocracia plantea dificultades desde un primer momento al crearse obstáculos para el desenvolvimiento real de los principios que han de regir la operatividad de los derechos sociales. Tal es así que nos debemos plantear si es posible que (...) subsistan en ese contexto. De esta manera, se presentan una serie de observaciones y propuestas para salvar los derechos sociales desde una perspectiva de participación de la ciudadanía y un enfoque de derechos humanos. Finalmente, se concluye que lo importante es que se superen los obstáculos que impidan una justiciabilidad y efectividad adecuadas de los derechos sociales. (shrink)

Integrated approaches in the ethical decision-making (EDM) and practically wise decision-making literature are emerging as alternative perspectives to management theories that conceptualize decision-making in a rationalist and value-free manner. However, more dialogue between both perspectives and qualitative research that applies them is required. In addition, there is a need for empirical analysis on business engagement in the face of grand challenges in developing countries. This paper proposes an integrated practically wise EDM framework to study how Colombian councilors who, in 2013, (...) voted for or against the merger between the Colombian state-owned company UNE and the Swedish multinational Millicom interpret this decision and its public impact. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with a voluntary sample of 18 of 21 councilors. Supporters of the UNE-Millicom merger expressed open-mindedness, seeing the merger as a means to achieve justice. On the contrary, the merger’s opponents expressed circumspection, doubting that Millicom’s intentions really leaned toward justice. We conclude that practical wisdom—embodied by both supporters and detractors—fosters an understanding of EDM beyond what leaders should not do. It also includes a democratic and balanced deliberation on what leaders think they should do to promote the common good. (shrink)

According to the continuity hypothesis of dreaming and contemporary psychodynamic approaches, dreams reflect waking life. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and dreaming in adolescents. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Italy, Romania and Croatia involving 2,105 secondary school students. No substantial differences between countries were found. Thirty-one percent of the participants reported heightened dream recall, 18% noticed an increase in nightmares during the lockdown, and 15% of the provided dreams included (...) pandemic-related content. The results indicate that subjective emotional reactions to lockdown had a significantly higher correlation to dreaming than objective distress. These findings suggest that attention to dreams should be included in preventive programs for adolescents with pandemic-related stress. (shrink)

Probablemente no son los mejores tiempos para tomar una foto de nuestra ya no tan joven democracia, pero sí que puede resultar interesante reflexionar cómo ha evolucionado durante estos años la imagen de España tanto ad intra como ad extra, teniendo en cuenta que siempre va acompañada de una cierta distorsión marcada por los estereotipos, algunos inventados y otros reales pero exagerados. Es importante, por lo tanto, reflexionar no sólo en cómo han visto los demás desde fuera la suerte de (...) la puesta en práctica de los principios marcados por la Constitución de 1978, sino también cómo hemos vivido nosotros ese proceso desde dentro durante estas tres décadas. (shrink)

Diseases of complex origin have a component of quantitative genetics that contributes to their susceptibility and phenotypic variability. However, after several studies, a major part of the genetic component of complex phenotypes has still not been found, a situation known as “missing heritability.” Although there have been many hypotheses put forward to explain the reasons for the missing heritability, its definitive causes remain unknown. Complex diseases are caused by multiple intermediate phenotypes involved in their pathogenesis and, very often, each one (...) of these intermediate phenotypes also has a component of quantitative inheritance. Here we propose that at least part of the missing heritability can be explained by the genetic component of intermediate phenotypes that is not detectable at the level of the main complex trait. At the same time, the identification of the genetic component of intermediate phenotypes provides an opportunity to identify part of the missing heritability of complex diseases. (shrink)

The present paper investigates and provides an account of the feeling of grief evidenced in certain sectors of the Chilean population after the electoral defeat following the constitutional plebiscite of September 2022 in Chile. How can one experience grief at the rejection of a political referendum? We suggest that the experience of grief is importantly related to a loss of life possibilities and disruptions in one’s practical identity. The outpouring of grief experienced by many Chileans at this political loss can (...) be traced to the importance of the constitutional plebiscite for their identities. The grieving process involves a renegotiation, through memory and future oriented imagination, of past, present, and future aspects of one’s practical identity. (shrink)

The Post-genomic Era includes features both from a methodological and epistemic point of view and from an ontological perspective. Firstly, it incorporates new methods of high-throughput sequencing of DNA and RNA, and the development of complete genomes that allow a precise reference of the molecular results obtained. In addition, from an ontological perspective, the centre of gravity of the molecular processes is placed on the expression of genes, and the way in which such expression is regulated; these features turn the (...) attention towards the study of Gene Regulatory Networks, and in particular to the role of RNA. This new molecular-biological perspective based on new methodologies and approaches is affecting the existing Molecular Genetics Theory including the definition of gen and Central Dogma of Molecular Biology. An important philosophical challenges posed by this new situation is the question whether there is a sophistication of the present theory or a New Theory of Molecular Genetics and whether there is an incommensurability between this theory and the accepted theory. In this work we evaluate these changes in the light of Kuhn’s theory of scientific revolution in order to propose an alternative between a moderate and a strong view. According to the moderate one, the Post-genomic changes do not properly involve a paradigm shift or, if they do, they constitute a minor revolution. The strong view considers that, the anomalies disclosed in the Molecular Genetics Theory at conceptual and methodological level and the Post-genomic changes they lead to suppose a scientific paradigm shift. (shrink)

Mientras que Miguel de Unamuno vivió, su libro Del sentimiento trágico de la vida fue traducido a siete idiomas. Esta circunstancia provocó que los traductores se dirigieran a su autor para comentar la obra así como para hacerle partícipe de algunos problemas que les iban surgiendo. El epistolario conservado entre Miguel de Unamuno y sus traductores nos ofrece así una fuente inestimable de conocimiento para comprender mejor la génesis y el alcance de la que, según Unamuno, fue su obra capital. (...) Gracias al hallazgo de unas cartas inéditas, podemos reconstruir cómo fue el proceso de traducir Del sentimiento trágico de la vida, teniendo en cuenta todos los acontecimientos que se sucedieron al inicio del siglo XX. (shrink)

En el siglo XVII la monja concepcionista sor María Jesús de Ágreda y el monarca español Felipe IV iniciaron una correspondencia epistolar en la que trataron cuestiones filosóficas y políticas de diversa índole. Este artículo analiza la aplicación que llevaron a cabo de los conceptos filosóficos de “guerra justa” y “razón de Estado” con el fin de salvaguardar una monarquía católica ya en declive.

The aim of the present study is to analyze individual differences in academic self-efficacy within a population of Unaccompanied Foreign Minors from the European cities of Ceuta and Melilla. Variables describing educational level and length of stay were considered in a sample of 377 individuals being cared for in different youth centers. Of these, 63.4% belonged to the group who had stayed at the center for less than 9 months and 36.6% reported a length of stay of more than 9 (...) months. The age of participants ranged between 8 and 17 years old. Once the quality parameters of the instrument were elaborated, reliability and validity was confirmed through Confirmatory Factor Analysis using Structural Equation Modeling methodology. Data collection was then initiated. The results overall indicate that 87.6% of those who completed the questionnaire reported a higher level of self-efficacy with regards to working with any classmate, whilst at the same time seeing themselves as capable of achieving good marks. ANOVA results indicated significant differences with respect to educational level and length of stay. In this regard, students who had received professional training and had been at the Center for more than 9 months, were the ones who developed greater academic self-efficacy for spending more time working when tasks were judged to be difficult. The results obtained demonstrate that any intervention will be positive as long as it promotes different institutions to develop strategies that cater to a length of stay of more than 9 months and target education, academic self-efficacy, socialization and strengthening the future workforce. Such interventions can be directed through new European, Spanish or local level policies. It is clear that institutions still have a lot of work left to do. (shrink)

Estamos conmemorando este año un hito fundamental en la Historia del Constitucionalismo en España: las Cortes de Cádiz y la Constitución de 1812. En circunstancias harto difíciles, en el punto más alejado de la Península, Cádiz, cercado por as tropas napoleónicas y con la presencia de la fiebre amarilla, ambiente magistralmente recreado por Ramón Solís en su libro "El Cádiz de las Cortes", un grupo de españoles, de España y de Ultramar, van a llevar a cabo una página relevante de (...) nuestra Historia: redactar la primera Constitución española. (shrink)

There is an increasing demand for ethical and Corporate Social Responsibility practices by companies. This competence has to be introduced in students’ training in business degree programs, and a check must then be done to determine if the students have come to appreciate the importance of CSR commitments. Using the framework of Stakeholders Theory, this work aims to examine students’ perceptions of ethical and CSR practices and commitment to different stakeholders, as well as the factors that lead students to act (...) in a socially responsible way. Furthermore, we hope to identify how the perception of CSR can be improved when Web 2.0 and social media tools that have proven effective in transmitting emotions and values are used in classrooms to teach these ideas. To this end, a survey was carried out in the year 2019 with 1,030 first-year students; it was administered at the beginning of the semester and also at the end of the semester after the training activities had been carried out. The main finding of the research is that students start with the belief that ethics and CSR are developed for reasons of image and legitimacy; however, after receiving training on these topics through tools that take into account emotions and values, they start to value the importance of the company as an agent of social change. The main practical and managerial implication is that methods based on Web 2.0 and social media tools are useful to teach ethics and CSR; the theoretical contribution is that students take into account the welfare of others. This finding contributes to Stakeholder Theory in a higher education context. (shrink)

This study focuses on latent inhibition, a mechanism behind selective attention, as the biological basis of creativity in schoolchildren. The main objective of this study is to know if low levels of attention positively affect the levels of creativity manifested in students between the ages of nine and 12. The design of this study is non-experimental with an explanatory-correlational cross-sectional quantitative approach. In order to achieve the objective suggested, several education centers located in Murcia were selected, in which 476 students (...) took part in a creativity test, an attention test, and another test about intelligence depending on the educational level. The results obtained showed that selective attention was negatively correlated with graphic creativity, understanding that behind it lies the latent inhibition, and that when certain levels of intelligence are present, this negative correlation increases. In this way, the simultaneous existence of creative and inattentive subjects is demonstrated. (shrink)

This article attempts to analyze the deconstruction of the linear organization of legal systems into a plurality of organized networks conform a circular systemic organization. As we know, the process of systematization runs parallel to the evolution of the modern State and, in this sense, the structure constitutes a single and well defined corps. However, at present, the emergence of multiple legal networks has been seen to turn Law into a structure that translates into a plethora of information that is (...) hard to nuance. Finally, with respect to the emergence of reflexive law, such reflexivity is feasible only when the processes of democratization create discursive structures in social subsystems, so the main problem is to deal with is their identity within a dynamic process of inter-legalities. (shrink)

The article briefly approaches some questions on the main penal theories that they turn around the determination of the penalty in the sentenced ones of codified legal systems, being jurisdictional processes, among them, the theory of the danger of Cesar Lombroso. The tendency of these criminal po..

El texto aquí desarrollado aborda los principios más generales del realismo sociológico escandinavo, en particular de la teoría de la función jurisdiccional y del interés de Alf Ross, que sostiene a la objetividad y subjetividad como parte integrante de la actividad del juzgador, contrastán..

Después de algunas décadas de desarrollo teórico del feminismo, el mismo perfil de la filosofía se ha transformado con la inteoducción de temas y conceptos novedosos como la perspectiva de género. Los profesores de la Facultad de Filosofía de la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH) (y las destacadas invitadas que colaboran en este libro), sensibles a los avances y al despliegue de las categorías culturales que las reflexiones feministas aportan al mundo contemporáneo, se dan a la tarea (...) de describir algunos fenómenos y analizar el impacto que la teoría feminista ha tenido en los diferentes ámbitos del saber filosófico, sin menoscabo de su propia identidad de género. La confluencia entre las reflexiones feministas y los procesos de reflexión sobre la cultura, y a percibir la relación que éstos tienen con los procesos de identidad y diferenciación de género. La teoría feminista ha resultado ser así un recurso teórico de inapreciable valor en el intento de comprención general de la cultura.Tres secciones articulan este libro: Mitos y Logos de lo femenino, Reflexiones metodológicas sobre Teoría Feminista y Filosofía, y Filosofía de la Cultura y diferencia sexual. La amplitud y diversidad de temas que los integran no muestra la dimensión del espectro de conocimiento que se abre ante los perplejos ojos del filósofo contemporáneo que busca dotar a su actividad de la dignidad que el feminismo ha recuperado para el mundo plenamente humano. Si bien en otros campos de la filosofía ha resultado posible (con toda su cuestionabilidad) hacer abstracción de los hechos de la diferencia sexual, en este campo de análisis tal omisión resulta imposible, como lo muestan los trabajos integrados aquí. Y salvo que el sesgo de la neutralidad obnubile la claridad intelectual, es evidente que este proceso debería ser necesario en todo intento de reflexión sobre el mundo. (shrink)

El presente artículo describe un proyecto de innovación educativa de aprendizaje de competencias, realizado en el Curso Propio de Liderazgo de la Universidad San Pablo CEU, transversal a toda su oferta educativa. Se trata de nuevo proyecto basa- do en una docencia híbrida, donde las masterclass más teóricas se han complemen- tado con un aprendizaje basado en retos vinculados a materias de comunicación y sostenibilidad, aplicando la metodología Design Sprint. De esta forma, se consigue formar al alumno en las llamadas (...) habilidades blandas, cada vez más demandadas por el entorno laboral. (shrink)

Este artículo analiza las lecturas que realizó Martin Heidegger de la Ética a Nicómaco de Aristóteles a partir de las anotaciones y subrayados que se conservan en un ejemplar que perteneció al filósofo alemán y que actualmente se custodia en la Biblioteca Histórica de la Universidad de Salamanca. Las diversas notas y glosas manuscritas que Heidegger anota al margen de las páginas en la obra de Aristóteles permiten conocer mejor la influencia que este libro ejerció en la filosofía heideggeriana y (...) descubren que «el taller histórico y filológico» que Martin Heidegger instauró a partir del texto aristotélico fue crucial para el desarrollo de algunos conceptos fundamentales de su pensamiento. (shrink)